Handguns are your default backup weapon. They have short range and low magazine capacity, but can be used in conjunction with CQC, as well. Some guns only available with Drebin points - namely the Desert Eagle - do a lot of damage but, again, are hindered by range and capacity. Getting the handgun skill is kind of a waste, and handguns are really better as backup weapons in case your main weapon runs out of ammo.

Submachine Guns (or SMGs) have high rates of fire, low damage, and low range. They are mildly useful in close quarters, but in general relying on them isn't a good idea. Basically, everything that they do is done better by assault rifles.

Shotguns are a limited weapon, but it does indeed have its role. While it is near-useless outside of close combat, when attacking buildings or enclosed spaces, the shotgun is definitely useful. Its main strength is that a full hit will knock over an enemy, allowing you a few more free hits while they recover. Move aggressively and use it to your advantage. For longer range, this is one of the weapons where you might want to rely on your pistol more often than your main weapon.

Assault rifles are pretty much the main weapon in the game. They've got a balance of everything - range, damage, and rate of fire. Furthermore, with Drebin Points enabled, there's a whole lot of add-ons you can get - scopes, grenade launchers, and grips - that will make them even more effective. Generally, the assault rifle is the best all-round weapon in the game. The AK-102 is meant for more close-range work, while the M4 seems to be more about longer range. The Mk. 15 is a battle rifle, and as such is meant for marksmanship, not automatic fire. The XM8 is the best rifle in the game, and balances every attribute - accuracy, rate of fire, and damage - perfectly. It's also the most expensive in Drebin Points mode (except for grenade launchers).

Sniper rifles are another specialized weapon. Sniping is a long-range skill that requires a good hiding spot with an overlook of the area, as well as fast reflexes and good identification skills. When sniping, stay low and be sure to avoid other snipers gunning for you. Move around every so often to avoid being caught. Once someone's up close to you, it's pretty much game over. Sniper rifles are better in close combat than in previous Metal Gear games, but they're not great at it.

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